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Colistin
| Name: | Colistin |
| Description: | Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus colistinus. It is composed of Polymyxins E1 and E2 (or Colistins A, B, and C) which act as detergents on cell membranes. Colistin is less toxic than Polymyxin B, but otherwise similar; the methanesulfonate is used orally. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Colistin is a polymyxin antibiotic agent. Polymyxins are cationic polypeptides that disrupt the bacterial cell membrane through a detergentlike mechanism. With the development of less toxic agents, such as extended-spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins, parenteral polymyxin use was largely abandoned, except for the treatment of multidrug-resistant pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. More recently, however, the emergence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, and the lack of new antimicrobial agents have led to the revived use of the polymyxins. Mechanism of action: Colistin is a surface active agent which penetrates into and disrupts the bacterial cell membrane. Colistin is polycationic and has both hydrophobic and lipophilic moieties. It interacts with the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, changing its permeability. This effect is bactericidal. There is also evidence that polymyxins enter the cell and precipitate cytoplasmic components, primarily ribosomes. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anti-Bacterial Agents |
| Synonym(s): | Colistin sulfate, Colistin sulfate, nonsterile, Colistin sulphate, Coly-mycin S, Polymyxin E sulfate, Polymyxin E, Sulfate |
| Has role: | Drug |
| Super-category: | Molecule |
| URL: | http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00803 |
| Id: | DB00803 |
| Link to OWL / RDF: | Download this content as OWL/RDF |
Facts about ColistinRDF feed
| Comment | taken from DrugBank |
| Curator | Ab + |
| DefiningCitation | http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00803 + |
| Definition | Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillu … Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus colistinus. It is composed of Polymyxins E1 and E2 (or Colistins A, B, and C) which act as detergents on cell membranes. Colistin is less toxic than Polymyxin B, but otherwise similar; the methanesulfonate is used orally. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Colistin is a polymyxin antibiotic agent. Polymyxins are cationic polypeptides that disrupt the bacterial cell membrane through a detergentlike mechanism. With the development of less toxic agents, such as extended-spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins, parenteral polymyxin use was largely abandoned, except for the treatment of multidrug-resistant pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. More recently, however, the emergence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, and the lack of new antimicrobial agents have led to the revived use of the polymyxins. Mechanism of action: Colistin is a surface active agent which penetrates into and disrupts the bacterial cell membrane. Colistin is polycationic and has both hydrophobic and lipophilic moieties. It interacts with the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, changing its permeability. This effect is bactericidal. There is also evidence that polymyxins enter the cell and precipitate cytoplasmic components, primarily ribosomes. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anti-Bacterial Agents cule. Drug category: Anti-Bacterial Agents |
| Has role | Drug + |
| Id | DB00803 + |
| Label | Colistin + |
| ModifiedDate | 4 February 2010 + |
| SuperCategory | Molecule + |
| Synonym | Colistin sulfate +, nonsterile +, Colistin sulphate +, Coly-mycin S +, Polymyxin E sulfate +, Polymyxin E +, and Sulfate + |